2019年 12卷 第3期 “空间引力波探测”专栏聚焦空间引力波探测所需核心关键技术刊登了11篇论文 ，涉及惯性传感器技术、无拖曳控制技术、激光干涉测量技术、绝对距离测量及通信技术、卫星入轨误差分析以及极端质量比旋进系统高精度重校准引力波建模等，为后续引力波探测领域研究提供有益的参考。序号论文题目作者1 太极计划激光指向调控方案介绍高瑞弘,刘河山,罗子人,靳刚2应用于空间精密测量的全玻璃光纤耦合器的系统设计赵亚, 姚东, 王智, 方超, 李钰鹏3Highly accurate recalibrate waveforms for extreme-mass-ratio inspirals in effective-one-body framesCHENG Ran, HAN Wen-biao4电极不对称性对惯性传感器性能损失的研究王少鑫,齐克奇,王玉坤, 王智,陈立恒5无拖曳航天任务检验质量的设计和比较傅江良,甘庆波,张扬,赵柯昕,袁洪6用于引力波关键技术验证的近地低成本商业卫星设计陈琨,蔡志鸣,侍行剑,邓剑峰,余金培,李华旺7空间引力波探测中的绝对距离测量及通信技术刘河山,高瑞弘,罗子人,靳刚8空间引力波探测任务的入轨误差分析李卓,王有亮,郑建华,李明涛9无拖曳控制技术研究及在我国空间引力波探测中的应用邓剑峰,蔡志鸣,陈琨,侍行剑,余金培, 李华旺10星上剩磁对惯性传感器的影响柴国志,黄亮,乔亮,张冠茂11亚微牛级推力测量系统设计及实验研究杨超,贺建武,康琦,段俐论文下载链接：Home · Indico (ictp-ap.org)
AbstractWe investigate the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) from cosmic domain walls (DWs) caused by quantum fluctuations of a light scalar field Φ during inflation. Large-scale perturbations of Φ lead to large-scale perturbations of DW energy density and anisotropies in the SGWB. We find that the angular power spectrum of this SGWB is scale invariant and at least of the order of 10−2, which is a distinctive feature of observational interest. Since we have not detected primordial gravitational waves yet, anisotropies of the SGWB provide a nontrivial opportunity to verify the rationality of inflation and detect the energy scale of inflation, especially for low-scale inflationary models. Square kilometer array has the opportunity to detect the anisotropies of such SGWBs. The common-spectrum process observed recently by NANOGrav could also be interpreted by the SGWB from cosmic DWs.DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.141303 https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.141303Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 141303
AbstractThe Hubble parameter is one of the central parameters in modern cosmology, which describes the present expansion rate of the universe. Their values inferred from the late-time observations are systematically higher than those from the early-time measurements by about 10%. To come to a robust conclusion, independent probes with accuracy at percent levels are crucial. Gravitational waves from compact binary coalescence events can be formulated into the standard siren approach to provide an independent Hubble parameter measurement. The future space-borne gravitational wave observatory network, such as the LISA-Taiji network, will be able to measure the gravitational wave signals in the Millihertz bands with unprecedented accuracy. By including several statistical and instrumental noises, we show that within 5 years operation time, the LISA-Taiji network is able to constrain the Hubble parameter within 1% accuracy, and possibly beats the scatters down to 0.5% or even better.DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwab054https://academic.oup.com/nsr/advance-article/doi/10.1093/nsr/nwab054/6207944National Science Review
AbstractIn this perspective, we outline that a space borne gravitational wave detector network combining LISA and Taiji can be used to measure the Hubble constant with an uncertainty less than 0.5% in ten years, compared with the network of the ground based gravitational wave detectors which can measure the Hubble constant within a 2% uncertainty in the next five years by the standard siren method. Taiji is a Chinese space borne gravitational wave detection mission planned for launch in the early 2030 s. The pilot satellite mission Taiji-1 has been launched in August 2019 to verify the feasibility of Taiji. The results of a few technologies tested on Taiji-1 are presented in this paper.DOI:10.1038/s42005-021-00529-zhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s42005-021-00529-zCommunications Physics 4, Article number: 34 (2021)
Abstract The recent RIKEN experiment on the quenched gA in the superallowed Gamow-Teller transition from 100Sn indicates the role of scale anomaly encoded in the anomalous dimension β’of the gluonic stress tensor Tr G2μν. This observation provides support to the notion of hidden scale symmetry emerging by strong nuclear correlations with an infrared (IR) fixed point realized—in the chiral limit—in the Nambu—Goldstone mode. We suggest there is an analogy in the way scale symmetry manifests in a nuclear medium to the continuity from the unitarity limit at low density (in light nuclei) to the dilaton limit at high density (in compact stars). In between the limits, say, at normal nuclear matter density, the symmetry is not visible, hence hidden.DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.142501https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.142501Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 142501 (2020)
AbstractWe present a general method for approximately contracting tensor networks with an arbitrary connectivity. This enables us to release the computational power of tensor networks to wide use in inference and learning problems defined on general graphs. We show applications of our algorithm in graphical models, specifically on estimating free energy of spin glasses defined on various of graphs, where our method largely outperforms existing algorithms, including the mean-field methods and the recently proposed neural-network-based methods. We further apply our method to the simulation of random quantum circuits and demonstrate that, with a trade-off of negligible truncation errors, our method is able to simulate large quantum circuits that are out of reach of the state-of-the-art simulation methods.DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.060503https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.060503Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 060503
AbstractTaiji is a Chinese space mission to detect gravitational waves in the frequency band 0.1 mHz to 1.0 Hz, which aims at detecting super (intermediate) mass black hole mergers and extreme (intermediate) mass ratio in-spirals. A brief introduction of its mission overview, scientific objectives, and payload design is presented. A roadmap is also given in which the launching time is set to the 2030s.https://doi.org/10.1093/ptep/ptaa083Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics（2020）
AbstractThe historic launch of the frst several hundred out of 12,000 planned Starlink satellites heralds the arrival of the era of ultra-large satellite constellations. If it will bring new opportunities or insurmountable challenges to astronomy will probably depend on whether you are conducting your observations in space or from the surface of the Earth.Nature Astronomy (2020)延伸阅读————————————————————————探索宇宙的新时代已经到来——挑战与机遇并存引言人类对于浩瀚宇宙从来没有停止过观测和想象，早在上个世纪，摩托罗拉就提出过非常宏伟的星链计划，后来由于种种原因中断了卫星的发射工作，但这种星链的设想还是被一代又一代的科学家继承了下来。正文近日，国科大杭州高等研究院空间盘古实验室、新加坡南洋理工大学、中科院理论所、澳大利亚昆士兰大学、澳大利亚国立大学研究人员联合在《自然 天文》杂志上发表评论文章，结合“太极一号”卫星的发射和后期在轨测试，对卫星星座天文学的发展和展望进行了综述。2019年8月31号（北京时间）“太极一号”成功发射，取得了一系列宝贵的在轨测试数据，迈出了我国空间引力波探测的第一步。为探测大质量黑洞并合产生的低频引力波，太极计划最后一步将发射三颗卫星，形成边长300万公里的等边三角形编队星座，从而极大的推动仪器和观测天文学的发展。文章指出，使用分布式仪器系统收集天文和天体物理数据并非新的想法。目前已经有几个地面射电天文学仪器和光学望远镜系统组成的全球网络。直到近些年，在空间建立和维持一个庞大的分布式的天文仪器网络，仍然超出了工程技术和财政支持能力。但我们要看到，人工智能和新技术的发展又给这一分布式的计划增添了希望。文章强调，绕地球运行的卫星群如主动通信的立体卫星和商业小型卫星组成的大规模编队星座，又比如Taiji或欧洲对应的LISA，可能会带来新的技术能力，因为这种星座网络具有大面积覆盖特性，也更加具有灵敏度和灵活性。卫星编队星座最大的进步在于，使对遥远天体的探索在财政上变得更容易负担，同时降低了出现失败的风险。文章最后讨论了卫星编队星座对地面观测天文学的潜在威胁，目前正在建造的大规模的卫星群，可以用来支持导航、大地测量、电话和信息服务、宽带互联网、天气和气候监测、遥感等等。但很快，数以万计的这些卫星将照亮夜空，对地面天文学的运行环境构成威胁。当我们处于卫星星群爆炸性增长的同时，天文学家、卫星工程师和政策制定者以及其他可能的利益攸关方应共同努力，为这一潜在的有价值的技术发展找到一条双方都能接受的道路----保护我们已拥有的环境，同时拓展我们在空间上的探索能力。该综述文章作者包括：徐淑岩教授（太极一号霍尔微推系统负责人）、Igor Levchenko教授,吴岳良院士（太极计划首席科学家）、Kateryna Bazaka教授。该文章2020年6月29日上线，原文链接：Nat Astron (2020)https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-020-1141-0该新闻稿转载自中国科学院大学官网
AbstractTwo recent papers (by Amaro-Seoane and Gourgoulhon and co-workers) revealed that in our Galaxy there are very extreme mass-ratio inspirals composed of brown dwarfs and a supermassive black hole at the centre of the Galaxy. The event rates estimated in these papers are very considerable for future space-borne detectors. In addition, there are plunge events during the formation of inspiralling orbits. In this work, we calculate the gravitational waves from compact objects (brown dwarfs, primordial black holes, etc.) plunging into or being scattered by the central supermassive black hole. We find that for space-borne detectors the signal-to-noise ratios of these bursts are quite high. The event rates are estimated as ∼ 0.01 yr–1 for the Galaxy. If we are lucky, this kind of very extreme mass-ratio burst will offer a unique chance to reveal the nearest supermassive black hole and nuclei dynamics. The event rate could be as large as 4∼8 yr–1 within 10 Mpc, and because the signal is strong enough for observations by space-borne detectors, we have a good chance of being able to probe the nature of neighbouring black holes.DOI: 10.1093/mnrasl/slaa115
AbstractSpace-based gravitational-wave detectors consist of a triangle of three spacecraft, which makesit possible to detect polarization modes of gravitational waves due to the motion of the detectors in space. In this paper we explore the ability of Taiji to detect the polarization modes in the parameterized post-Einsteinian framework. Assuming massive black hole binaries with the total mass of M = 4 × 105 M⊙ at redshift of z = 1, we find that Taiji can measure the dipole and quadruple emission (∆αD/αD and ∆αQ/αQ) with the accuracy of up to ∼ 0.04%, the scalar transverse and longitudinal modes (∆αB and ∆αL) up to ∼ 0.01, and the vector modes (∆αV ) up to ∼ 0.0005.https://arxiv.org/pdf/2006.04413.pdfPhys. Rev. D 102, 124050 (2020)
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